How to Spot the Signs of Joint Problems in Your Dog and What to Do About It

Joint problems in dogs are a common health issue that can significantly affect your pet’s quality of life. As dogs age, wear and tear on their joints, combined with genetic predispositions, can lead to pain, stiffness, and mobility issues. For many owners, recognising the early signs of joint discomfort and taking preventive action can make a world of difference in their dog’s well-being.

In this article, we’ll dive into the common signs of joint problems in dogs, the breeds most prone to these issues, and how diet, weight management, and supplements can help alleviate or prevent joint discomfort.

 

The Prevalence of Joint Problems in Dogs

According to recent studies, 20% of dogs in the UK are diagnosed with some form of arthritis or joint problem, with larger breeds and older dogs being the most affected. The British Veterinary Association (BVA) states that arthritis is one of the most common issues veterinarians treat in older dogs, but early-onset joint problems are also becoming increasingly prevalent in younger dogs, often due to genetics or lifestyle factors.

Orthopaedic surgeon and veterinarian Dr. Sean McCormack, a prominent figure in UK pet care, has highlighted that “joint problems are becoming more common due to obesity in dogs, poor breeding practices, and a lack of early intervention by owners.” This statement emphasises the need for early recognition and preventative measures.

 

Spotting the Signs of Joint Problems in Your Dog

Identifying joint problems early on is critical to managing and alleviating discomfort. The most common signs include:

1. Limping or Lameness: One of the clearest signs of joint pain is limping, especially after periods of rest. A dog might favour one leg or struggle to distribute weight evenly.
2. Stiffness: Dogs experiencing joint issues may appear stiff when getting up, particularly in the morning or after exercise. They may move more slowly or awkwardly than usual.
3. Reluctance to Exercise: If your dog seems less enthusiastic about walks or playtime, it could indicate joint discomfort. Dogs that are normally active may hesitate to jump, climb stairs, or run.
4. Difficulty Standing Up or Lying Down: Watch for signs of discomfort when your dog is rising from a lying or sitting position. They may need to push themselves up with extra effort or seem slow in their movements.
5. Changes in Behaviour: Dogs in pain may become more irritable, anxious, or withdrawn. A change in temperament, such as growling when touched near affected joints, is also a red flag.
6. Licking or Chewing Affected Areas: Dogs may lick or chew at joints that are painful or inflamed, particularly their hips, knees, or elbows.

If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s essential to consult your vet as soon as possible. Early diagnosis can prevent further damage and provide a treatment plan to improve your dog’s comfort and mobility.

 

Contributing Factors to Joint Problems

While genetics plays a significant role in joint health, several external factors can contribute to the development and exacerbation of joint problems in dogs. Some of these include:

1. Breed Predisposition: Certain breeds are more prone to joint issues due to their size, structure, or genetics (we’ll cover this in more detail later).
2. Obesity: Excessive weight puts additional pressure on a dog’s joints, speeding up wear and tear. Vets consistently warn that overweight dogs are at much higher risk of developing joint problems like arthritis. Dr. Sarah Heath, a veterinary behaviourist, explains that “obesity is one of the most avoidable risk factors in joint disease. Keeping your dog at a healthy weight can dramatically reduce the load on their joints.”
3. Over-Exercising Young Dogs: High-impact activities, such as running or jumping on hard surfaces, can put stress on a young dog’s developing joints. This is particularly true for larger breeds, which take longer to fully mature.
4. Poor Diet: A diet lacking in essential nutrients like glucosamine, chondroitin, and omega-3 fatty acids can leave a dog’s joints vulnerable to inflammation and degeneration. A balanced diet with supplements tailored to joint health is key to prevention.
5. Injury: Past injuries, such as fractures or ligament tears, can increase a dog’s likelihood of developing joint problems later in life.

 

Hip Scores and Their Importance

Hip dysplasia is one of the most common joint issues in dogs, particularly in larger breeds. To help combat this, hip scoring is used by responsible breeders to assess the likelihood of hip problems in breeding dogs. This test measures the degree of malformation in the hip joint and assigns a score, which can predict the chances of hip dysplasia being passed to offspring.

The British Veterinary Association/Kennel Club Hip Dysplasia Scheme assigns scores to both hips, with lower scores indicating healthier hips. Breeders are encouraged to breed only dogs with low hip scores to reduce the incidence of hip dysplasia in future generations. Owners should always ensure that their dog comes from a breeder who performs hip scoring, especially if adopting larger breeds prone to joint issues.

 

Breeds Most Prone to Joint Problems

While any dog can develop joint problems, certain breeds are genetically predisposed to these issues due to their size, structure, or breeding history. Here are some of the most affected breeds:

1. Labrador Retrievers: One of the most popular breeds in the UK, Labradors are prone to hip and elbow dysplasia, particularly if they become overweight or over-exercised as puppies.
2. German Shepherds: Known for their loyalty and intelligence, German Shepherds are prone to hip dysplasia and arthritis, often due to their sloped back structure.
3. Golden Retrievers: Similar to Labradors, Golden Retrievers are at risk of hip and elbow dysplasia, especially if not bred responsibly.
4. Rottweilers: This strong and muscular breed often faces issues with hip dysplasia, making it essential to maintain a proper diet and controlled exercise regime.
5. Great Danes: Due to their large size, Great Danes are prone to joint problems, particularly arthritis and hip dysplasia, which can be exacerbated by rapid growth during puppyhood.
6. Newfoundlands: These gentle giants are susceptible to hip and elbow dysplasia, and their weight can make joint problems worse if not properly managed.
7. Bulldogs: Their unique body structure makes Bulldogs more likely to suffer from joint and skeletal problems, including elbow dysplasia and arthritis.

 

Preventing and Managing Joint Problems Through Diet and Exercise

One of the best ways to prevent joint issues in your dog is through proper diet and weight management. Here’s how you can help reduce your dog’s risk:

1. Maintain a Healthy Weight: Keeping your dog lean is crucial to reducing pressure on their joints. Feed them a balanced diet and avoid overfeeding, as even a slight excess in weight can increase joint stress.
2. Joint-Friendly Diet: Ensure your dog’s diet includes essential nutrients like glucosamine, chondroitin, and omega-3 fatty acids. These nutrients are found in foods such as fish, flaxseeds, and specialised joint supplements, which help to maintain cartilage and reduce inflammation in the joints.
3. Controlled Exercise: Regular, moderate exercise helps to keep muscles strong, which in turn supports the joints. For puppies, avoid high-impact activities until they are fully grown to protect their developing joints. For senior dogs, low-impact exercises like swimming are ideal for maintaining joint health without excessive strain.
4. Supplements for Joint Health: Many veterinarians recommend glucosamine and chondroitin supplements to help protect cartilage and reduce inflammation in dogs prone to joint issues. Omega-3 supplements derived from fish oils are also beneficial in reducing joint stiffness and pain.
5. Regular Veterinary Check-Ups: Routine vet visits are crucial for detecting early signs of joint issues. Your vet can recommend preventive measures and treatments, including anti-inflammatory medications or physiotherapy, depending on the severity of your dog’s condition.

 

Conclusion

Joint problems can significantly impact your dog’s quality of life, but with early detection and preventive care, you can help manage or even prevent these issues. By watching for signs of joint discomfort, maintaining a healthy diet and weight, and choosing a breed wisely, you can ensure your dog stays active, happy, and comfortable for years to come. If you’re concerned about your dog’s joint health, consult your vet about a tailored plan that includes the right diet, exercise, and supplements to keep your pet pain-free.

At Anivatio, we understand the importance of keeping your dog healthy, which is why we offer a range of supplements designed to support joint health. Remember, prevention is always better than cure, so taking proactive steps today can make all the difference in your dog’s future.